strength of materials

Aluminum density underlies widespread structural applications from aerospace to automobiles. Density profoundly influences material selection across structural design domains, from towering skyscrapers to graceful aircraft. By mass, aluminum exhibits roughly one third the density of steel and 90% lower density than copper while maintaining coveted mechanical properties, especially strength-to-weight ratios. This facilitates substantial weight reductions…

Modulus of resilience has emerged as a defining mandate for infrastructure development in the 21st century as environments grow increasingly prone to dynamic, extreme loading scenarios. While strength provides the absolute basis enabling structures to resist failure, resilience allows recovery in the face of sporadic overloads. The modulus of resilience denotes the capability of a…

Elastic materials are substances that can stretch or deform when a force is applied, but then return to their original shape once the force is removed. These materials have the useful property of elasticity, which enables them to undergo reversible deformation. Some common examples of elastic materials include rubber bands, bungee cords, stretchy fabrics like…

Stress calculations for Beams constitutes a central aspect within structural design across civil engineering. By computing induced stresses, engineers confirm beam components withstand applied loads without failure. Among principle stresses induced in beams under bending loads, designing for maximum normal stresses on extreme fibers proves most critical. However, properly determining shear stresses also proves necessary…

Mohr’s circle provides a fundamental visualization tool for performing complex stress and strain transformations vital within civil and mechanical engineering applications. Originated by mathematician Otto Mohr, the technique converts three-dimensional states of stress or strain into a graphical format enabling convenient calculation of principal values, orientations and more. Mohr’s circle uniquely transforms complex two-dimensional stress…

The compression stress-strain curve is a fundamental graph used in civil engineering for analyzing the behavior of structural materials like concrete, steel, soil and more when subjected to compressive loading forces. A stress-strain curve graphs the relationship between compressive stress, measured in units like psi or MPa, on the y-axis, and compressive strain, as a…