Prestressed concrete is a form of concrete used in construction that has internal stresses induced to resist external applied loads. This post provides a comprehensive guide to prestressed concrete, covering its definition, advantages, disadvantages, methods, applications, and design. What is Prestressed Concrete? Prestressed concrete is concrete in which internal stresses are introduced to reduce potential…
Light output ratio (LOR) is an important metric in lighting design and civil engineering projects involving lighting. This blog post will provide a comprehensive overview of light output ratio – what it is, how it is calculated, why it matters, and its relevance in civil engineering applications. What is Light Output Ratio? Light output ratio…
Roads are vital infrastructure that facilitate transportation and connectivity. The history of human civilization is intertwined with road construction. Understanding types of roads is essential for planners, engineers, and everyday travelers alike. Road-type classification enables optimized design, maintenance, and traffic management. This guide explores different types of road, characteristics of roads, and answers what are roads and what are roads made of. You’ll find…
Arches have been an integral architectural design element since ancient times. Different types of arches are commonly found in various historical construction styles and continue to feature prominently in modern building design today. The purpose of the different types of arches varies depending on the specific design and the intended use of the structure. For…
The concrete slump test is a method to determine the workability and consistency of concrete. It is an empirical test that measures the slump of a sample of freshly mixed concrete when it is placed and compacted in a cone shaped mould. What is Concrete Slump Test? The slump test is the most commonly used…
Concrete spalling is a major issue that affects the strength and durability of concrete structures. Spalling is a term used to describe areas of concrete which have cracked and delaminated from the substrate. It occurs when pieces of concrete peel, pop out or flake off from the surface, revealing the rough aggregate underneath. If left unchecked,…